On this day in 1927, Italian immigrant anarchists Nicola Sacco and Bartolomeo Vanzetti were executed by the U.S. government after they were dubiously convicted of murder, leading to international episodes of protest and violence.

Sacco, born in 1891, was a shoemaker and a night watchman, who migrated to the United States at the age of seventeen. Vanzetti was a fishmonger born on June 11th, 1888. Two men met at a strike in 1917.

After a deadly shoe store robbery in 1919, both Sacco and Vanzetti were arrested. When searched by police, both denied owning any guns, but were found to be holding loaded pistols. Sacco was found to have an Italian passport, anarchist literature, and a loaded .32 Colt Model 1903 automatic pistol. Vanzetti had four 12-gauge shotgun shells and a five-shot nickel-plated .38-caliber Harrington & Richardson revolver. Despite this, both Sacco and Vanzetti had solid alibis for where they were during the murder.

Anti-Italian and anti-anarchist sentiments played a significant role in their trial. Presiding Judge Thayer was an avowed enemy of anarchists. When giving his final statement in 1927, Vanzetti said "I am suffering because I am a radical and indeed I am a radical; I have suffered because I am an Italian and indeed I am an Italian...if you could execute me two times, and if I could be reborn two other times, I would live again to do what I have done already."

Sacco and Vanzetti's arrest, trial, conviction, and execution became an international incident that caused an outrage among people of all political persuasions, not just anarchists. Among their advocates were Harvard law professor and future Supreme Court Justice Felix Frankfurter, who wrote that Judge Thayer's statement was "a farrago of misquotations, misrepresentations, suppressions, and mutilations",

Anarchist supporters of Sacco and Vanzetti orchestrated campaigns on their behalf, both peaceful and non-violent. Bombing campaigns were undertaken, targeting Judge Thayer, Wall Street, and the American Embassy in Buenos Aires.

Despite the advocacy on their behalf, the violence, and pleas for a re-trial, Sacco and Vanzetti's death sentences were not commuted. Vanzetti, in his final moments, shook hands with guards and thanked them for their kind treatment, read a statement proclaiming his innocence, and finally said, "I wish to forgive some people for what they are now doing to me." Sacco was next and walked quietly to the electric chair, then shouted "Farewell, mother."

On the 50th anniversary of the executions, Massachusetts Governor Michael Dukakis issued a proclamation that Sacco and Vanzetti had been unfairly tried and convicted and that "any disgrace should be forever removed from their names".

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Cross Number Puzzle 2

I got Dnd in a few so will continue on with some more cross number Puzzles.

Cross number puzzle image

Across

1. Number with five different digits, none in common with 8 Across, which in turn consists of five different digits.

2. Highest two-digit factor of 3 Down

3. 3 Down Reversed

4. See 1 Across

5. One-ninth the sum of 1 Across and 8 Across

6. Product of three two-digit prime numbers, two of them factors of 6 Down

Down

1. First digit equals sum of next two

2. Year in second half of eighteenth century

3. Difference between 1 Across and 8 Across

4. Last digit is the product of first two digits

5. Reverse is multiple of 3 Down, and a product of three two-digit primes

6. Factor of 6 Down but not of 3 Down

7. Same as 5 Across

8. Smallest two-digit factor of 3 Down

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hi :)

Angelo Sbardellotto was an Italian anarchist executed by the state on this day in 1932 for plotting to assassinate Benito Mussolini; he refused to ask for clemency, instead telling the court he regretted not succeeding in his plan.

Sbardellotto was born into a poor family who was compelled to emigrate to find work. Angelo and his father also left Italy in October 1924, living in France, Luxembourg, and Belgium, where Angelo worked as a miner and a machine hand.

While working as a miner, he joined the anarchist committee of Liege, and was active in the activities to bring about the general strike in Belgium in solidarity with framed Italian-American anarchists Sacco and Vanzetti.

Already under surveillance as a suspected communist subversive, Sbardellotto was stopped by police in Piazza Venezia, Rome in 1932 and was found to be armed with two rudimentary bombs and a pistol, as well as possession of a Swiss passport.

Admitting to having entered Italy clandestinely with the intent of avenging socialist Michael Schirru by killing Mussolini (Schirru himself had attempted to assassinate Mussolini), he was interrogated and likely tortured by police before his trial a week later on June 11th.

When Sbardellotto's lawyer requested that he write to Mussolini directly to ask for his life to be spared, he refused, stating that he was only sorry that he had not carried out the attempt on Mussolini. On June 17th, 1932, at twenty-four years old, he was put in front of the firing squad at the Bretta Fort. He refused last rites from a priest. His last words before being shot were "Long live anarchy!".

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So we got 2 winners shout out to @FunkyStuff for keeping up this streak but let's not for get @ElGosso for getting it. I :rat-salute: both your efforts for getting this one.

Who is right?

Masha had to find the product of three numbers in order to calculate the volume of some soil. She multiplied the first number by the second correctly and was about to multiply the result by the third number when she noticed that the second number had been written incorrectly. It was one-third larger than it should be. To avoid recalculating, Masha decided it would be safe to merely lower the third number by one-third of itself–particularly since it equaled the second number. “But you shouldn’t do that,” a girl friend said to Masha. “If you do, you will be wrong by 20 cubic yards.” “Why?” said Masha.

Why indeed? And what is the correct soil volume?

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black tea is good :maduro-coffee:

I'm all in for left unity and the such. But when i'm seeing ML's stomp on anarchists, i dont know what to think of them. Obviously, there are good ones, but i cant estimate the ratio of "good" vs. "bad" ones. Also, maybe they are just overrepresented in the online space? I'm literally surrounded by liberals and right wingnuts, so i couldnt really collect experience for the real life ones. Maybe someone explain me something? I dunno.