this post was submitted on 23 May 2025
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I feel like I should understand this, but I don't.
This is x86 assembler. (Actually, looking at the register names, it's probably x86_64. On old school x86, they were named something like al, ah (8 bit), ax (16 bit), or eax (32 bit).) Back in the old days, when you pressed a key on the keyboard, the keyboard controller would generate a hardware interrupt, which, unless masked, would immediately make the CPU jump to a registered interrupt handler, interrupting whatever else it was doing at the point. That interrupt handler would then usually save all registers on the stack, communicate with the keyboard controller to figure out what exactly happened, react to that, restore the old registers again and then jump back to where the CPU was before.
In modern times, USB keyboards are periodically actively polled instead.
does that mean though that if I connect a PS/2 keyboard or mouse to my relatively modern computer (a "gamer" motherboard made ~6 years ago) 's PS/2 port, that it'll still trigger such an interrupt?
The other commenter is on the right track but the chip controls both USB and PS/2 as well as others;
In the 90s and 2000s, for x86 machines, slower I/O was handled by a chip called the Southbridge which worked in conjunction with a chip called the Northbridge that handled faster I/O like IDE and PCI. Later these were integrated into a single chip and, as of recent processor generations, into the processor itself.
AFAIK ghosting and key rollover are issues when using PS/2 but it can offer some milliseconds off latency when used in high cpu games.
I think it's more of an issue for USB keyboards than PS/2 keyboards.
They are wholly independent from the protocol or interface. Ghosting is an electrical issue that is a result of keyboards being a bunch of switches arranged in a matrix. It makes the keyboard's controller register an extra keypress in certain conditions. Nothing to do with how the thing communicates with the host computer.
Key rollover issues can be related to ghosting. The limit for it is once again the keyboard's design at the circuit level, not its communication protocol.
Really they're both related to how cheaply built the keyboard is. That's the only thing.
Ghosting entirely depends on the wiring of the keyboard pcb. Key rollover can depend on the wiring of the keyboard pcb, but usually is limited by the usb HID protocol.
Generally speaking, usb can carry up to 6 keys of information in a single packet (I donโt remember off the top of my head if modifiers are included). It is possible to use extended packets and encode more info (and thus allow for more than 6 keys rollover) but it requires negotiation with the os so most vendors donโt bother as generally you donโt need to be able to press more than 6 keys at the same time for most applications.