science

MIT researchers found a way to predict how efficiently materials can transport protons in clean energy devices and other advanced technologies.

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The researchers believe their findings can guide scientists and engineers as they develop materials for more efficient energy technologies enabled by protons, which are lighter, smaller, and more abundant than more common charge carriers like lithium ions.

...Officially named PSR J2322-2650b, this Jupiter-mass object appears to have an exotic helium-and-carbon-dominated atmosphere unlike any ever seen before...

“The planet orbits a star that's completely bizarre — the mass of the Sun, but the size of a city,” said the University of Chicago’s Michael Zhang, the principal investigator on this study. “This is a new type of planet atmosphere that nobody has ever seen before. Instead of finding the normal molecules we expect to see on an exoplanet — like water, methane, and carbon dioxide — we saw molecular carbon, specifically C3 and C2.”

Molecular carbon is very unusual because at these temperatures, if there are any other types of atoms in the atmosphere, carbon will bind to them. (Temperatures on the planet range from 1,200 degrees Fahrenheit at the coldest points of the night side to 3,700 degrees Fahrenheit at the hottest points of the day side.) Molecular carbon is only dominant if there's almost no oxygen or nitrogen. Out of the approximately 150 planets that astronomers have studied inside and outside the solar system, no others have any detectable molecular carbon.

...Many of the passages are longer than 600 yards (550 meters) and tall enough for an adult to walk through without bending.

The leading idea is that giant, extinct ground sloths dug these colossal shelters, turning parts of South America into a maze of underground homes...

...the tunnel walls are packed with claw marks, sometimes in three parallel grooves, right where a digging limb would bite into rock...

...The universality of the UV-to-X-ray relation underpins certain methods that use quasars as “standard candles” to measure the geometry of the universe and ultimately probe the nature of dark matter and dark energy. This new result highlights the necessity for caution, demonstrating that the assumption of unchanging black hole structure across cosmic time must be rigorously re-examined...

Scientists in Britain say ancient humans may have learned to make fire far earlier than previously believed, after uncovering evidence that deliberate fire-setting took place in what is now eastern England around 400,000 years ago.

The findings, described in the journal Nature, push back the earliest known date for controlled fire-making by roughly 350,000 years. Until now, the oldest confirmed evidence had come from Neanderthal sites in what is now northern France dating to about 50,000 years ago.

The discovery was made at Barnham, a Paleolithic site in Suffolk that has been excavated for decades. A team led by the British Museum identified a patch of baked clay, flint hand axes fractured by intense heat and two fragments of iron pyrite, a mineral that produces sparks when struck against flint.

cross-posted from: https://lemmy.world/post/39982131

The name Homo sapiens—Latin for “wise man”—has always carried an air of self-congratulation. Carl Linnaeus, the father of modern taxonomy, coined the term in 1758, confident that his species stood apart by virtue of intelligence and reason. But what if wisdom, properly defined as the capacity to act with foresight and moral restraint, has proven not to be humanity’s defining trait but its greatest delusion? In an era of mass extinction, climate collapse, and ecological disintegration—each driven by our own actions—perhaps it is time to set the record straight.

The species that burns its own home for temporary comfort, poisons its water for profit, and annihilates the other inhabitants of its shared planet for convenience should no longer be known as Homo sapiens. The more fitting name is Homo stultus—“foolish man.”

A therapy that would once have been considered a feat of science fiction has reversed aggressive and incurable blood cancers in some patients, doctors report.

The treatment involves precisely editing the DNA in white blood cells to transform them into a cancer-fighting "living drug".

The first girl to be treated, whose story we reported in 2022, is still free of the disease and now plans to become a cancer scientist.

Now eight more children and two adults with T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia have been treated, with almost two thirds (64%) of patients in remission.

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cross-posted from: https://lemmy.ml/post/39956162

What I don't get is why it took them decades to figure this out. Why have they been giving us sugar substitutes without understanding what they have been doing to us? Why were these approved for use in the first place?