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ICE buys tool to monitor millions of smartphones. Experts say it’s dangerous
(www.independent.co.uk)
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This isn't an issue if you don't install gapps and if you deny apps location data
I think the point was that its an issue on phones with a standard android setup.
Gapps isn't installed by default when you install Android.
I'm definitely not an expert here and it sounds like you probably know more about this than I do. In my experience, android phones I've bought come with google play already installed and cell carrier bloatware. When you turn on the phone for the first time, one of the first steps is setting up your Google account.
If your point is that you can get around all this with stock android and you don't specifically need grapheneOS, you're probably right.
Not just Graphene. Install any Android OS on your phone, and it won't have gapps.
It requires a manual step to install the google proprietary spyware crap. By default it's excluded.
I think most IT departments strip off the OS that comes with laptops, due to spyware and bloatware that comes stock from the OEM install. I'll never understand why its normalized to reinstall the OS on laptops but not for mobile. I always wipe and reinstall as soon as I open the box. It's best practice.