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Surprise Nimoy

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Basic Television Terms - A Video Dictionary (1977)

Hosted by Leonard Nimoy, this video introduces the fundamental terminology and techniques of television production, distinguishing between big-budget and little-budget productions, outlining the roles involved, and describing the production process from pre-production to post-production.

Key Points

Types of Television Production

The video differentiates between two main types of television production: big budget and little budget. Big budget television involves large studios, cameras, and crew, while little budget television is often used in educational or industrial contexts, utilizing smaller equipment and fewer personnel.

Roles in Television Production

Key roles described include the producer, who oversees production; the director, who directs camera operations; and the technical director, who manages technical aspects. Floor directors and engineers support these roles by facilitating communication and operating equipment during production.

Production Stages

The production process follows a series of steps starting with pre-production, where concepts are developed through treatments or scripts. This is followed by the production phase, which can be live or taped, and then moving to post-production, where editing occurs.

Camera Shots and Techniques

Different types of shots are explained, including long shots, medium shots, and close-ups, along with camera movements like panning and tilting. The video emphasizes the importance of properly framing shots and using various techniques to enhance visual storytelling.

Editing Techniques

The editing process is outlined, covering three main techniques: real-time editing during live broadcasts, mechanical editing through physical splicing, and electronic editing using digital technology. The video explains terms associated with editing, like fades, dissolves, and superimpositions.

Video Formats and Recording

Different video tape formats are discussed, highlighting the relationship between budget size and tape width, as well as the recording technology used, including videotape recorders. The video also explains the importance of mastering and generating copies of video content.

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It's really quite hypnotic

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a rebellion led by citizens in Athens and Etowah, Tennessee, United States, against the local government in August 1946. The citizens, including some World War II veterans, accused the local officials of predatory policing, police brutality, political corruption, and voter intimidation.

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This video was taken at Butler Range, a training site about 30 miles outside Baghdad in summer of 2004 or 2005. This is 3rd Platoon, A Co 1-161 Infantry "Warpigs" of the Washington Army National Guard during OIF II.

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I ate an entire salt shaker in a day. This happened to my blood pressure

In this video, the host conducts an unconventional experiment by consuming an entire salt shaker's worth of salt in one day to challenge the belief that low salt diets are essential for health. Surprisingly, their blood pressure remained stable, raising questions about the widely held notion that high salt intake directly causes hypertension. The video further explores the historical and scientific perspectives on dietary salt, revealing inconsistencies in the recommendations and highlighting the potential health benefits of adequate salt consumption.

Key Points

Experiment with Salt Consumption

The host ingested 63.5 grams of salt over the course of a day to test the effects on blood pressure, an extreme act that demonstrated no significant increase in readings, contradicting common beliefs about high salt diets.

Historical Dietary Guidelines

The dietary recommendations to limit salt intake were established in 1977 without sufficient research supporting the need for such strict limits, a situation that was fueled by selective studies and the political climate of the time.

Korean Paradox

Despite high salt consumption through foods like kimchi, South Korea has one of the lowest rates of heart disease globally, suggesting that high sodium intake might not be as detrimental as previously thought.

Body's Regulation of Salt

Healthy kidneys are effective at excreting excess salt, and studies indicate that consuming more salt may be less harmful for healthy individuals compared to low salt diets, which can have negative hormonal effects.

Electrolyte Importance

Adequate electrolyte balance, particularly sodium, is crucial for overall health, energy levels, and proper physiological function, particularly during high physical activity or in hot conditions.

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Cells don’t have politics. But nutrition, metabolism, and health sciences are extremely political. How do we handle this discrepancy? How do we navigate towards objective biological truth, science-based health information, and practical wellness solutions in a world where just four letters — #MAHA — can divide a room?

In this video, I attempt to tackle that difficult topic in a way that is BOLD and direct but also nuanced, inclusive, and open-minded. The video also serves as a response to a recent widely circulated podcast between health and fitness leaders Mark Hyman and Andrew Huberman, who dropped a bomb about me during their latest episode.

We explore how scientific discussion, personal identity, and public health messaging collide—and how we can move forward with curiosity and clarity.

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How to REALLY Make America Healthy Again: Overcoming Politics

Nick Norwitz discusses the detrimental intersection of politics and health sciences, emphasizing that nutritional choices should not be polarized by ideology. He illustrates the importance of individual dietary experimentation (N=1) over guessing, advocating for personalized health solutions while encouraging viewers to separate health from politics.

Key Points

Cells don't have politics.

Cells operate independently of political ideologies, highlighting that scientific inquiry and metabolic health should transcend partisan divides. Metabolic health should be an inclusive goal for everyone, yet it's often steeped in political rhetoric that complicates discussions and solutions.

The phrase 'Make America Healthy Again' is politicized.

This aspirational statement should ideally unite us around the goal of improving public health; however, it has become associated with specific political ideologies, creating barriers to constructive communication. Researchers acknowledge the importance of metabolic health regardless of political affiliation.

'Test, don't guess.'

This principle underscores the importance of individualized health interventions. Each person's genetic, metabolic, and lifestyle factors vary greatly; therefore, personal experimentation is vital for effective health management. Individualized strategies, or N=1 medicine, reflect the diverse outcomes people experience from the same dietary choices.

The messiness of biology and health data.

Biology is complex, defying simple categorizations and generalizations about health. Individuals should embrace an empirical, curious approach to their health that acknowledges the uniqueness of their biological responses and the need for personalized information.

Challenges of balancing science and politics.

Navigating the dichotomy of political affiliations when discussing health can lead to assumptions that cloud the conversation, thus complicating public health efforts. It's a call for everyone to attempt to detach health discourse from political narratives.

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Ever wondered why Windows 10 was given away for free? Join Dave Plummer, a retired Microsoft engineer from the MS-DOS and Windows 95 era, as he dives into the real reasons behind Microsoft’s bold move. From declining PC sales and Windows 8’s backlash to the rise of free macOS and Linux, discover how market pressures and Satya Nadella’s vision transformed Windows into a service. Uncover the hidden costs—telemetry, ads, and a shift to subscriptions—and what it means for you. Don’t miss this deep dive into Microsoft’s strategy! Subscribe for more tech insights from Dave’s Garage!

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Dave Plummer, a retired Microsoft engineer, explains why Microsoft decided to offer Windows 10 as a free upgrade and the implications of this decision. He dives into the challenges Microsoft faced with Windows 8, the decline of the PC market, the influence of competitors like Apple and Linux, and the shift towards treating Windows as a service rather than a standalone product. The move aimed to unify users on the latest OS and generate long-term revenue through services connected to Windows rather than direct OS sales.

Key Points

Windows 7's Success and Windows 8's Failure

Windows 7 was highly successful, but Windows 8 faced backlash due to its drastic design changes, leading users to stick with Windows 7.

Decline of PC Market

In the early 2010s, PC sales were declining as consumers turned to smartphones and tablets, compelling Microsoft to rethink its strategy for Windows upgrades.

Competition with Apple and Linux

With Apple offering free OS upgrades and Linux becoming popular among tech enthusiasts, Microsoft felt pressured to adapt its pricing model.

Introduction of Windows 10 as a Free Upgrade

Microsoft announced Windows 10 would be a free upgrade for users of Windows 7 and 8 in 2015, marking a significant shift in their approach to OS sales.

Shift to a Service Model

Under CEO Satya Nadella, Microsoft transitioned to treating Windows as a service, focusing on ongoing engagement and updates rather than one-time sales.

Data Collection and User Insights

Windows 10 was designed to collect extensive telemetry data to improve user experience, although this raised privacy concerns among users.

Monetization through Alternative Means

Microsoft shifted to generating revenue from services linked to Windows, including Office 365 subscriptions and app store commissions, rather than OS sales.

Retaining Users in a Competitive Market

By offering Windows 10 for free, Microsoft aimed to keep users from switching to alternatives like Mac OS or Linux and maintain its ecosystem presence.

Impact on Future Business Strategies

The decision to provide a free upgrade aimed to unify Windows users, enabling Microsoft to monetize through additional services over time.

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Puzzles, roguelike, story. A excellent puzzle game. Like Myst meets the witness. I can strongly recommend

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Stock prices reflect investors’ expectations about the future earnings and risk of the companies they invest in. When expectations or risk change, due to something like nonsensical sweeping tariffs, stock prices can change, and they can change quickly and dramatically.

Falling stock prices do not mean that the market is broken or that the world is ending; they are expected from time to time, and their inevitability should be built into every investment plan.

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Market Crashes (2025 Edition)

Ben Felix discusses the nature of market crashes, emphasizing that they are a normal part of investing and should be anticipated by investors. He explains the historical resilience of stock markets, the impact of emotional narratives during downturns, and encourages investors to review their risk tolerance and financial plans.

Key Points

Market Crashes are Normal

Market crashes, while unsettling, are a typical part of investing, reflecting changes in expectations and risks associated with stocks. Historical data indicates that stock market declines occur frequently, and investors should anticipate them as part of their investment strategy.

Historical Resilience of Markets

Despite the volatility associated with stock markets, they have shown resilience over the long term, typically rebounding after crashes. Felix highlights a long history of positive returns from global stocks, suggesting that investors should maintain perspective on their investments.

The Power of Narratives

Felix explains how narratives influence investor behavior, often leading to anxiety and hasty decisions during market downturns. He cites research showing that narratives, distinct from data, can change how investors perceive facts and react, leading to misguided investment choices.

Understanding Risk Tolerance

Market crashes provide a critical opportunity for investors to assess their risk tolerance. Felix suggests evaluating emotional responses to market drops to determine if one's asset allocation aligns with their risk comfort level, emphasizing the need for a financial plan that withstands volatility.

Long-Term Investment Strategy

Felix warns against reacting impulsively to market declines and underscores the importance of sticking to a well-constructed investment plan. He encourages maintaining a risk-appropriate portfolio to manage potential downturns, reinforcing that panic selling can sabotage long-term investment returns.

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Thanks to Galilean relativity it should be just as hard to run on an inclined treadmill as it is to run on a hill of the same incline. But you don't gain gravitational potential energy on a treadmill, so can it really be true?

summerizerSteve Mould explores whether running on an incline treadmill is as taxing as running up an actual hill of the same incline. Through reasoning and experiments, he investigates the energy expenditure involved in both activities, ultimately discovering that while the treadmill might initially seem easier, empirical results show that running uphill on a ramp requires slightly more energy than on a treadmill, accounting for various factors including air resistance and friction.

Key Points

Theoretical Considerations

Steve discusses the theory behind the energy expenditure of running on an incline treadmill versus running up a hill, questioning whether the lack of vertical lifting on the treadmill reduces the difficulty.

Galilean Relativity Argument

He uses Galilean relativity to defend the idea that running on a treadmill should feel just as hard as running on level ground, as the two scenarios, in terms of energy expenditure, are comparable.

Experiments Setup

To test the theory, Steve partnered with Jared Rebo to create a vehicle that could measure energy consumption while running either on a treadmill or uphill. They built a robot to gather quantitative data under controlled conditions.

Results Analysis

The tests revealed that going uphill on a ramp used about 10 watts of power, while running on an incline treadmill used about 9 watts, indicating the ramp is slightly more challenging.

Factors Influencing Results

Steve considers factors like air resistance and wheel slippage that may contribute to the difference in energy required, suggesting they need to conduct further experiments to refine the data.

Open-Mindedness and Empathy

Reflecting on the importance of being open-minded, Steve draws parallels between scientific understanding and the beliefs held by certain groups (like flat earthers) to emphasize the need for empathy in discussions about differing viewpoints.

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Bill explains how the two-liter plastic soda bottle begins as a plastic tube, called a preform, which is heated and inflated with air in a bottle-shaped mold. He explains how the stretching of the preform creates a crystalline regions in the bottle's plastic (polyethylene terephthalate) that create a bottle with great strength, low permeability to carbon dioxide, but which is also lightweight—some 35 times lighter than a glass bottle of the same size. Bill explains key features of the bottles design, including: why the bottle looks like it does, why the neck has gaps in its threads, and how the tamper-proof ring works. He also discusses "hot-fill bottles" used for sports drinks and plastic juice bottles, noting the panels molded into the bottles to accommodate temperature changes. Lastly, he discusses briefly the recycling of PET bottles, although noting that about 75% of the 500 billion PET bottles manufactured annually end up in landfills or are incinerated.

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In this video, Professor Bart Kay discusses the heart's function with Dr. Stephen Hussey, exploring unconventional theories about the heart's role in blood circulation. They examine the heart's efficiency as a pump and propose that it operates more like a vortexing hydraulic ram rather than a traditional pressure propulsion pump. They also discuss the concept of 'structured water' and its implications for heart health and circulation, challenging standard views on heart disease and treatment.

Key Points

Heart as a Pump

Dr. Hussey questions the traditional view of the heart as a pressure propulsion pump. Instead, he suggests it functions more like a vortexing hydraulic ram, challenging classical cardiac physiology.

Efficiency of the Heart

Current understanding suggests the heart may be only about 30% efficient as a pump. Historical experiments and recent studies indicate that blood can flow without the heart actively pumping, particularly in embryos.

Structured Water's Role

The concept of structured water is introduced, suggesting it exists in the body, particularly in blood vessels, and plays a crucial role in blood flow and cardiovascular health.

Cholesterol and Heart Disease

Both experts agree that conventional beliefs about cholesterol and lipoproteins causing heart disease are flawed. They emphasize that heart disease's root causes should be re-evaluated.

Infrared Therapy

They discuss how infrared light can promote structured water formation, potentially reversing heart failure symptoms and improving heart health through natural sunlight.

Emerging Theories

Emerging scientific theories challenge long-held beliefs in cardiovascular health, suggesting new therapeutic approaches based on understanding the heart's mechanics and the dynamics of blood flow.

Call to Critical Thinking

The discussion emphasizes the importance of questioning established medical dogma and remaining open to new scientific insights for better health practices.

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12 video series on the foundations of calculus with multiple audio tracks

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