perestroika

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[–] perestroika@slrpnk.net 4 points 3 days ago* (last edited 3 days ago)

They have, but this does not look like a fiber optic scenario.

Guesses: either:

  • autonomous navigation by terrain and compass (assuming that satnav systems are denied), or
  • one swarm member using a ridiculously good (satellite?) radio to supply other swarm members with guidance from Ukraine, or
  • guidance via Russian mobile phone networks.
[–] perestroika@slrpnk.net 14 points 3 days ago* (last edited 3 days ago) (1 children)

Missile silos are sadly, ridiculously hardened. You may have to hit a single door with 10+ drones to get through.

Aircraft are perfect targets, since an aircraft must be light and cannot be hidden underground too easily.

Also, missile silos aren't being used to attack Ukraine. Knocking one out would have no effect on the safety of people in Ukraine. Aircraft however, are used daily / weekly. Tangible benefit is immediate - less air raids, less missiles fired, less glide bombs dropped.

It would also be sweet if a shortage of radar planes occurred - Russia not knowing what's happening in its airspace would allow Ukrainian long-range drones to reach where they must.

[–] perestroika@slrpnk.net 66 points 3 days ago* (last edited 3 days ago) (1 children)

Clever and economical, and 100% high value military targets. I wish the guys who pulled this off, all the luck they can have. :)

It is possible that Russia's selection of AWACS planes (about 10 left) decreased even more.

The "sheds" were more like wooden boxes. They had a fake roof, the upper layer of which a mechanism could remove. Between the roof beams - "nests" for drones. This cargo was given for transport to ordinary truck companies. There's even a video where cops have detained a trucker while drones are taking off from his truck and heading towards Belaya airfield, ordinarily unreachable to Ukrainian drones since it's 4000 km away. I'm afraid the trucker will be facing some hard times. I hope they understand he was deceived, though, and eventually let him go.

[–] perestroika@slrpnk.net 5 points 4 days ago* (last edited 4 days ago)

Looks nice, but then comes a snow plow and pushes 30 cm of snow on top of it. Drivers use voodoo to find it and hack their way down there with a shovel. If the box survives that, it's a good box. :)

[–] perestroika@slrpnk.net 8 points 5 days ago* (last edited 5 days ago)

If you don't want them, have your quadcopter (anonymous, DIY, not registered and factory made) drop a net or release paint on them.

If you really don't like them, see if they are properly shielded with a microwave beam. (Prediction: they aren't. Shielding something so articulated is very had.)

[–] perestroika@slrpnk.net 5 points 6 days ago* (last edited 6 days ago) (1 children)

It's not the range. With this technology, it's just the combination of fuel and exhaust that makes it unlikely to reach peaceful applications sooner.

A user of this technology must be willing to tolerate (and cause) considerable inconvenience just to increase the range of their electric aircraft.

Fuel distribution would be an annoying but surmountable problem. Not the easiest, but doable. Sodium needs to be stored either in mineral oil or inert gas. Otherwise it will spontaneously oxidize quite fast. Airports would need sodium warehouses with specialized equipment (either oil baths to submerge it or some kind of lockers with an unbreathable atmosphere). Trucks with the same kind of equipment would be needed to deliver the stuff. Maybe a bottle system could be devised, whereupon sodium is solid in a bottle and the bottle is heated above 100 C to pour it out.

Fuel production efficiency would be a problem. I don't know the efficiency of sodium production, but intuitively this is likely to be around 80% (plus road transport). Charging a battery from the grid is more efficient, so the user of this technology must either have cheap electrical energy (this might be true in future with lots of renewables) or be willing to ignore the cost of energy (military users will do that already now, just promise them a bit more flight range).

Finally, public debate about a caustic exhaust stream is likely to be non-trivial. I predict that people will be quite worried about the direct effects of NaO and NaOH air pollution - it's one of those things which is clearly health negative, even if climate positive. Convincing people that it's safe will require studies about how quickly NaO turns into NaOH, and how quickly the exhaust stream neutralizes and becomes safe. Unsurprisingly, military users are pretty unconcerned about being health negative - most of their tools are like that.

[–] perestroika@slrpnk.net 7 points 6 days ago* (last edited 6 days ago) (3 children)

Thanks for the tip, both the popular and scientific article are interesting.

Short summary of the pros and cons:

  • energy density: 3 x better than lithium ion

  • power density: really poor (if they raise their power density by 10 times, it will suffice for cruising, takeoff will require supplementary high-current batteries)

  • exhaust: sodium oxide (caustic), converted by moisture in air to sodium hydroxide (caustic), converted by CO2 into sodium bicarbonate (harmless) --> this is a tech for cruising up high, not for takeoff or flight above settlements ("don't stick unprotected head into exhaust stream, risk of losing eyes")

  • climate impact: positive, removes CO2 from air

  • operating temperature: reasonable (about 100 C)

  • mass production of sodium: doable, but somewhat messy

  • fire safety: sodium burns just as bright as lithium, nothing cheerful here

My personal conclusion: currently, this is a potential military technology ("electric cruise missiles / strike drones with 500 km range"), likely won't reach passenger or cargo aviation soon due to lack of sodium handling infrastructure.

[–] perestroika@slrpnk.net 2 points 1 week ago* (last edited 1 week ago)

Some types of solar charge controllers and battery managers have the capability to start a generator.

Steps:

  1. charge controller: raises or lowers GPIO pin (3.3 or 5 V, current: a few milliamps)
  2. relay board (needs 5V power): amplifies the GPIO signal and actuates a small relay
  3. small relay: switches 12V power to actuate the starter relay (current: maybe 1 amp)
  4. starter relay: powers the starter motor (12V, 10+ amps)

In an ideal world, your generator is well designed and already contains the starter relay, and the charge controller has a relay board, so you get to skip steps 1, 2 and 4 and just run a "start signal wire" between the two units.

Now, after getting your generator started, what you care about is load. The maker of the generator should have published a chart of efficiency vs. load. Too little load, and you're wasting energy to overcome mechanical drag. Better stop the generator. Too much load, and you're reducing the lifetime of your generator and risking accidents. Better reduce charging current.

Regarding UPS: a typical UPS comes with a lead acid battery that is not intended to be deep discharged repeatedly. If you end up doing that, expect dramatically reduced battery lifetimes.

If you're new to electric circuits, your safest bet is probably an industrially produced LiFePO4 battery bank with balancing, alarm and emergency disconnect circuits built in.

However, if you have a manually startable generator, you better just get a big battery pack and find out what the optimal load for your generator is (note: might depend on temperature and cooling). You would want to start the generator rarely.

P.S.

If you can't find a suitable product combination, this functionality can be DIY-ed with a Raspberry Pi, analog digital converter, voltage divider and cheap Chinese relays. But then it requires some electronics skills.

[–] perestroika@slrpnk.net 21 points 1 week ago* (last edited 1 week ago) (1 children)

I hope they get mild sentences because they didn't even manage to enter.

The law is extremely dumb, as it sends the message "accomplish maximum obstruction, as you will get massive sentences, don't talk with anyone, don't even consider getting caught".

Maybe next time, someone does like some alleged (claim unverified) anarchists in France. They burned a substation and cut down a high voltage pylon. Most likely a bit foolish because they didn't stop the Cannes film festival from completing (it had backup power), but the point remains: they caused a massive pain in the ass for hundreds of thousands of people. If they get caught and get 10 years, they can say it was worth it.

Dishing out 10 year sentences for attempting to stop a plane from using a taxiway by standing in front of it... is not very smart from a judicial viewpoint. People might do the math and find they'd get smaller sentences for considerably bigger deeds.

[–] perestroika@slrpnk.net 6 points 1 week ago* (last edited 1 week ago) (3 children)

Regarding AI, some simple examples of likely computing expense:

  • performing 1 + 1 in assembly language: 1 CPU cycle
  • performing 1 + 1 in a high level interpreted language: maybe 10 CPU cycles
  • performing 1 + 1 using an LLM: millions of CPU cycles
  • asking "why was the rabbit an animal after 1 + 1": probably priceless, maybe a billion cycles
[–] perestroika@slrpnk.net 3 points 1 week ago (1 children)

Sadly, I don't know of any books on the subject. The only article I've read is this one:

https://tinyshinyhome.com/hyperadobe-earthbag-solar-shed-office-tour

[–] perestroika@slrpnk.net 14 points 1 week ago* (last edited 1 week ago)

The animal on the picture is definitely not sus. ;)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sus_(genus)

 

Summary: a snake collector immunized himself on a rotating basis to lots of lethal snakes. I will not certify him as sane, since at some point he allowed snakes to directly bite himself and ended up in coma for several days (it was by accident). As a result of prolonged work with increasing doses and cyclically repeating venoms, he seems to have done human kind a considerable favour: it was possible to isolate venom antibodies from his blood which have broad and powerful effect and don't cause as much allergy as animal antibodies.

 

Study of the calls that bonobos use to communicate indicates that their vocal system shows both trivial and non-trivial compositionality, the latter previously thought to occur only in human languages.

(Note: since The Guardian messed up their link to the research paper, I'm providing it here: Extensive compositionality in the vocal system of bonobos.)

 

Summary: back in 2008, researchers found a big difference between the incidence and mortality of prostate cancer in Asian and "western" countries (even if situated in Asia). Incidence of the disease in "western" countries was several times higher. Additional data was pulled in to determine if the cause was genetic. People of Asian descent born in "western" countries had a comparably high risk, but people who had immigrated to "western" countries retained a lower risk. Thus, evidence pointed at society. The obvious candidate explanation was eating food that contains phytoestrogens from soy beans.

 

Finnish interview: over here.

Update: I'm a fool, they have an English version, it is here.

~~English translation: over here on Riseup Share.~~

(For ease of reading, one can click "View in browser", it should display as a plain text file.)

Summary: a Finnish-language anarchist website published an interview with Ksusha, a member in the Solidarity Collectives network in Ukraine.

I found the interview informative of the situation they have, and wanted to share. However, Finnish is as good as encryption to most people, so I translated it to English.

Since I think Lemmy does not support posting long texts in post summaries or comments, I uploaded the translation to RiseUp Share.

I hope authors forgive that I've not contacted them to ask for permission, because I don't have their contacts, although eventually I must find a way to contact Solidarity Collectives on another matter. The interview in Finnish was also published in the magazine "Kapinatyöläinen" ("rebel worker"), issue 61.

 

A short summary: contrary to widespread opinion, the brain of a typical person is not sterile, but inhabited with microbes that have health effects.

 

They say that people who don't build battery banks while wearing a sweater will cry about the lack of battery banks in double fur coats. :)

Since today was possibly the last "sweater" weekend here, morning frost is a reality and snow has fallen 500 km northwards...

...I decided that I would be among the first and not the second group. :)

Coincidence has given me an almost unused (43 000 km driven) battery bank of a Mitsubishi i-MIEV (a crap car, don't buy unless you are an EV mechanic).

But in my house, there is already a 24V battery bank made of Nissan Leaf cells and I'm worried about lack of space and fire hazard (if lithium batteries burn, you typically need tons of water to make them do anything else - I have only one ton and pumping it requires that same battery bank).

So I decided that I'd build a new 48V battery bank outside my house, start it up with the MIEV cells and maybe migrate the Leaf cells there later too, after checking and reassembly.

However, winters are cold here and MIEV cells (as I mentioned, the car is crap) lose 30% of their capacity when cold. It thus follows that I must keep my battery warm in winter - and later on, cool in summer. This requires energy. Spending less energy on battery care allows using more energy for useful things. :)

Thus it follows that I need a battery enclosure. :) It must have wheels so construction bureaucrats can be waved away with an explanation (a generator on wheels doesn't need a building permit either). And it must have thermal insulation.

The insulation is PIR foam, 10 cm thick. Maybe I'll make some parts even thicker. The wheeled platform was salvaged from a bankrupt boat factory, I don't know its original purpose. The bottom plywood is 20 mm waterproof ply, and the top layer (PIR is very delicate, don't put batteries directly on PIR) is 9 mm waterproof ply.

The design I stole from an anarchist squat which existed in 2009, where styrofoam was used for a similar purpose, with the difference that squatters used lead acid batteries and their battery room was indoors (now it's advisable to imagine the sound of clattering teeth, it was cold there in winter).

Inside the box, there will be:

  • balancers / equalizers
  • some DC heating ribbon
  • a thermostat or a microcontroller-driven thermometer + relay
  • a circulation fan (thermal stratification is bad)
  • battery monitors with an alarm function
  • a smoke alarm

Since PIR aborsbs sound, the piezo buzzers of the alarm devices will have to be unsoldered and brought to a plastic box on the surface of the enclosure. :)

The arrangement of cells has been chosen to provide access from outside, get a reasonable ratio between volume and surface (avoid flat shape) and to minimize the cutting of materials (several sides are made of PIR sheet cut to length only).

Some more pictures:

End result of today's work:

 

Originally found here. It seems that cops in California entered a still unexplored abyss of incompetence. Fortunately nobody was hurt, so it can be considered comic relief - except by the medical company whose MRI machine they cooked.


Officer Kenneth Franco drew on his "twelve hours of narcotics training" and discovered the facility was using more electricity than nearby stores, the lawsuit said.

"Officer Franco, therefore, concluded (the facility) was cultivating cannabis, disregarding the fact that it is a diagnostic facility utilizing an MRI machine, X-ray machine and other heavy medical equipment -- unlike the surrounding businesses selling flowers, chocolates and children's merchandise," the suit said.

After bursting into the diagnostics center in October last year, the SWAT team found only offices, a single employee and medical devices, including a Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) machine, a diagnostic tool that uses high-powered magnets to create detailed scans of a patient's body.

Disregarding a sign warning that metal objects should be kept well away, one officer wandered near the machine "dangling a rifle in his right hand," the lawsuit said.

"Expectedly, the magnetic force of the MRI machine attracted the LAPD officer's loose rifle, securing it to the machine," the suit said.

Instead of seeking expert advice on how to retrieve the weapon, one officer decided to activate the emergency shutdown button.

"This action caused the MRI's magnet to rapidly lose superconductivity, leading to the evaporation of approximately 2,000 liters of helium gas and resulting in extensive damage to the MRI machine," the suit said.

The officer then retrieved his gun, but left a magazine full of bullets on the floor of the MRI office, the suit says.

The suit, which was filed in California last week, seeks unspecified damages and costs.

 

This is not just a "happy birthday" post for Linux, but also a reminder that despite it becoming big and professional, the freedom to tinker with Linux remains accessible.

I had to use this freedom recently when I discovered that V4L video pipelines could buffer up to 32 frames both on the encoder and decoder (unacceptable, we demand minimum latency!) so it was again time to recompile the kernel. :)

My previous time to recompile parts of Linux had been a week ago. Some hacker had discovered a way of tricking their WiFi card beyond the legally permitted power - with what I understand as thermal compensation settings. Wanting to taste the sweet extra milliwatts, I noticed that nobody was packaging that driver as a binary, so the only way to get it was to patch and recompile its kernel module.

Finally of course, thanks to Linux we have countless open-source drivers and if you want to venture onto the path that Linus Torvalds took - of building an operating system - congratulations, you have less obstacles in your way. :) Some people have taken this path with the Circle project and you can compile your homebrew and bare-metal kernel for a Raspberry Pi with reasonable effort, and it can even draw on the screen, write to serial ports and flip GPIO lines without reverse-engineering anyone's trade secrets. :)

 

In the article, researchers modeled the passage of the solar system through the galactic interstellar medium, components of which move at differing velocities and orbits.

They found that approximately 2-3 megayears ago, the solar system most likely entered a cloud of mainly cold hydrogen, and the density of the cloud was such that it should have considerably compressed the heliosphere (Sun's bubble of radiation and fields). Earth would have been outside the heliosphere either permanently or periodically. Currently the heliosphere ends far beyond the most distant planet, at approximately 130 Earth-Sun distances (astronomical units).

This would have greatly subdued the influence of solar wind on Earth, at the same time exposing the planet to interstellar cosmic rays. It is further speculated that studies which analyze Earth climate during the aforementioned period may benefit from accounting for this possibility.

Researchers sought confirmation for their model from geological records and found some, in the isotope content of iron and plutonium in sediments: iron 60 and plutonium 244 aren't produced by processes on Earth, so an influx would mean that solar wind no longer sufficed to beat back interstellar gas and dust (the latter containing radioisotopes from supernova explosions).

"By studying geological radioisotopes on Earth, we can learn about the past of the heliosphere. 60Fe is predominantly produced in supernova explosions and becomes trapped in interstellar dust grains. 60Fe has a half-life of 2.6 Myr, and 244Pu has a half-life of 80.7 Myr. 60Fe is not naturally produced on Earth, and so its presence is an indicator of supernova explosions within the last few (~10) million years. 244Pu is produced through the r-process that is thought to occur in neutron star mergers22. Evidence for the deposition of extraterrestrial 60Fe onto Earth has been found in deep-sea sediments and ferromanganese crusts between 1.7 and 3.2 Ma (refs. 23,24,25,26,27), in Antarctic snow [28] and in lunar samples [29]. The abundances were derived from new high-precision accelerator mass spectrometry measurements. The 244Pu/60Fe influx ratios are similar at ~2 Ma, and there is evidence of a second peak at ~7 Ma (refs. 23,24)."

 

I feared he would be martyred, when he returned to Russia after getting poisoned by the FSB and helping Bellingcat track down the agents who poisoned him (nobody in power did anything about them). Back then, his life was saved by a pilot deciding to make an emergency landing and a doctor suspecting a neurotoxin.

What finally took his life will be difficult to ascertain due to lack of transparency - a remote location, an extremely authoritarian system, war, politically controlled law enforcement and courts. Still, a day before death, Navalny appeared in court for another potential addition to his already 19-year sentence - in good spirits.

During Navalny's imprisonment, the regime made a sustained effort to break that spirit, issuing a constant stream of disciplinary punishments (a total of 27 times): for not placing his hands behind his back, for incorrectly introducing himself, for uttering a profanity, for failing to clear leaves in the yard, for citing the European Court of Human Rights’ demand for his release, for addressing the guard without using a patronym, and for declining to wash the fence.

They also transfered him to the far north and previously used sleep deprivement against him. I tend to assume that they also killed him, either directly or indirectly.

He was definitely not the perfect politician, but did things which a common politician never dares to do, which suggests having some principles. When they came for anarchists, he didn't forget them, but also spoke for anarchists.

 

Background: yesterday, there was heated discussion in the thread "military-industrial complex is a supervillain of causing the climate crisis" (link).

Among others, the thread creator posted a comment to the Guardian article "The climate costs of war and militaries can no longer be ignored", commenting it thusly:

If you want more context or won’t take my word on how militarism will kill is all, you can read this article.

I replied, a copy of my reply is below for your judgement. My reply got moderated by someone with the reason "Comment does not address intent of original post and promotes weapons industry / war in Ukraine."

I think my comment both addressed the topic, did not promote the weapons industry but helping Ukraine defend itself (ironically, tools for military self-defense come from the weapons industry) and did not promote the war (in fact, I noted that war is expensive, resource-intensive and stupid), but did explain the dynamics of war and revolutions.

I consider this moderator misconduct, likely motivated by their political views - and have asked a server administrator to talk with the moderator involved, to ascertain if they can refrain from using moderator powers as a political club to hit people, or to secure their demotion from a moderating role.

The removed post, for your judgement:


The article is fine, and I second the recommendation to read it, but from the article to the slogan you present, things do not follow a logical path.

Yes, war is both an incredibly expensive activity (diverting money that could be used) and a resource-intensive activity (the money goes into actual materials that almost surely destroy something or get destroyed) and an incredibly stupid activity (and it can snowball)...

...but the problem is that successful unilateral disarmament during a war tends to result in a situation called "defeat". If the defeat is not an attack being defeated, but defense being defeated, that is called a "conquest". Now, letting a conquest succeed has a historical tendency of the conqueror having more experience at conquest, and more resources to conquer with... which has, several times in history, lead to another conquest or a whole series of conquests. A regional war in Ukraine resulting in Ukraine being taken over by Russia has a high probability of producing:

  1. a bigger regional war later, in which Russia, using its own resources and those of Ukraine, proceeds to another country, gets into a direct conflict with NATO and then indeed there is a risk of a global war
  1. an encouraging effect after which China, noting that international cooperation against the agressor was ultimately insufficient, and deeming itself better prepared than Russia, decides that it can take Taiwan with military force

However, a war ending with inability to show victory tends to produce a revolution in the invading country. For example, World War I produced a revolution in Russia and subsequently a revolution in Germany, with several smaller revolutions in between, empires collapsing and a brief bloom of democracy in Europe, before the Great Depression and the rise of fascism ate all the fruits. The Falklands War produced a revolution in Argentina. The Russo-Japanese war produced the 1905 near-revolution in Russia.

It is better for Ukraine to not get conquered. It is better for Russia to be unable to conquer Ukraine. That result is also better for everyone around them. It's even better globally because it sets a precedent of large-scale cooperation defeating an agressive superpower, discouraging agressive superpowers from undertaking similar wars until memory starts fading again.

Unfortunately, until we see indications that Russian society is getting ready to stop the war (this could involve starting negotiations on terms palatable to Ukraine, a change of leadership, a withdrawal, a revolution, etc)... the path to achieving that outcome remains wearing out the agressor: producing enough weapons and delivering them to Ukraine.

Ultimately, both sides in a war wear each other down. The soldiers most eager to fight are killed soonest. The people most unwilling to get mobilized or recruited, and soldiers most unwilling to fight - they remain alive. If they are pressed forever, some day they will make the calculation: there are less troops blocking the way home than in the trenches of the opposing side. After that realization, they eventually tend to mutiny. Invading troops tend to do that a bit easier than defending troops, because they sense less purpose in their activity. In the long run, if nothing else happens, that will happen. There is just (probably, regrettably) no particularly quick shortcut to getting there.

 

This article is about fixing, but with a twist - it's about fixing trains that their manufacturer sabotaged. :D

In Poland, it took the hacker crew "Dragon Sector" months of work to find a software "time bomb" that was sabotaging "Impuls" trains manufactured by Newag, once their maintenance was handed over to another company.

Let this be a reminder to everyone about closed source technology and critical infrastructure.

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